R.E. Walkup, J.M. Jasinski, et al.
CLEO 1984
Sequential absorption of two photons converts a Cs atomic beam into an ion beam with minimal change in the original thermal energy of the atoms. The random ion energy is measured to be <0.15 eV; consequently this ion beam is one of the "coldest" ion sources to date. Currently, the source brightness is 10 -4 A/cm2 sr eV and appears extendible to ∼5 A/cm 2 sr eV.
R.E. Walkup, J.M. Jasinski, et al.
CLEO 1984
Stephen C. Wallace, R.W. Dreyfus
Applied Physics Letters
F.Alan McDonald, R.J. von Gutfeld, et al.
IUS 1985
W.E. Bron, R.W. Dreyfus
Physical Review Letters