A Near-DRAM Accelerator for Compiler-Generated Fully Homomorphic Encryption Applications

Fully homomorphic encryption (FHE) is a powerful cryptographic technique that enables computation on encrypted data without needing to decrypt it. FHE applications are both compute- and memory-intensive, owing to expensive operations on large data. Hierarchical near-DRAM processing (NDP) solution for FHE applications, harnesses the massive DRAM bank bandwidth. We observe various data access patterns in FHE that reveal distinct levels of parallelism: element-wise, limb-wise, coefficient-wise, and ciphertext-wise. We will discuss an NDP solution that exploits these levels of parallelism to map FHE operations and data onto different hierarchies of the NDP, while addressing major challenges with NDP for FHE.